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Psychosynthesis
A philosophy and a spiritually-oriented
psychotherapy developed by the Italian psychiatrist, Roberto Assagioli,
beginning in the 1920s. It postulates the existence of the self,
one's center of awareness and purpose. Eternal and unchanging, it
is the belvedere point from which all the varying thoughts, emotions,
and body sensations may be observed. Among the many methods for
the discovery of the self: guided imagery and the dis-identification
( not dis-owning ) from one's feelings, body, mind, thoughts, emotions,
and subpersonalities. The basic text is:
Assagioli, Roberto Psychosynthesis:
A Manual of Principles and Techniques, New
York: Viking, 1965
A longer definition and
many links to other psychosynthesis resources may be found on the
Psychosynthesis
Home Page hosted by Dirk H. Kelder.
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Gestalt Therapy
A phenomenological-existential
psychotherapy that was developed by Fritz and Laura Perls, Paul
Goodman, and Ralph Hefferline in the '40s and '50s. It focuses on
awareness, what is happening in the present moment, and on taking
responsibility.
Probably the best introduction
to gestalt therapy is the chapter in Corsini and Wedding's Current
Psychotherapies written by Gary Yontef and James Simkin. A version
of it is available at
http://www.gestalt.org/yontef.htm
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